Trained facilitators' experiences with structured advance care planning conversations in oncology: an international focus group study within the ACTION trial.
Identifieur interne : 000386 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000385; suivant : 000387Trained facilitators' experiences with structured advance care planning conversations in oncology: an international focus group study within the ACTION trial.
Auteurs : M. Zwakman [Pays-Bas] ; K. Pollock [Royaume-Uni] ; F. Bulli [Italie] ; G. Caswell [Royaume-Uni] ; B. Erv [Slovénie] ; J J M. Van Delden [Pays-Bas] ; L. Deliens [Belgique] ; A. Van Der Heide [Pays-Bas] ; L J Jabbarian [Pays-Bas] ; H. Koba- Eh [Slovénie] ; U. Lunder [Slovénie] ; G. Miccinesi [Italie] ; C A M Ller Arnfeldt [Danemark] ; J. Seymour [Royaume-Uni] ; A. Toccafondi [Italie] ; M N Verkissen [Belgique] ; M C Kars [Pays-Bas]Source :
- BMC cancer [ 1471-2407 ] ; 2019.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adaptation psychologique (MeSH), Communication (MeSH), Concept du soi (MeSH), Europe (MeSH), Groupes de discussion (méthodes), Humains (MeSH), Oncologie médicale (méthodes), Personnel de santé (enseignement et éducation), Planification anticipée des soins (MeSH), Relations entre professionnels de santé et patients (MeSH), Tumeurs colorectales (psychologie), Tumeurs du poumon (psychologie), Émotions (MeSH).
- MESH :
- enseignement et éducation : Personnel de santé.
- méthodes : Groupes de discussion, Oncologie médicale.
- psychologie : Tumeurs colorectales, Tumeurs du poumon.
- Adaptation psychologique, Communication, Concept du soi, Europe, Humains, Planification anticipée des soins, Relations entre professionnels de santé et patients, Émotions.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adaptation, Psychological (MeSH), Advance Care Planning (MeSH), Colorectal Neoplasms (psychology), Communication (MeSH), Emotions (MeSH), Europe (MeSH), Focus Groups (methods), Health Personnel (education), Humans (MeSH), Lung Neoplasms (psychology), Medical Oncology (methods), Professional-Patient Relations (MeSH), Self Concept (MeSH).
- MESH :
- geographic : Europe.
- education : Health Personnel.
- methods : Focus Groups, Medical Oncology.
- psychology : Colorectal Neoplasms, Lung Neoplasms.
- Adaptation, Psychological, Advance Care Planning, Communication, Emotions, Humans, Professional-Patient Relations, Self Concept.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
In oncology, Health Care Professionals often experience conducting Advance Care Planning (ACP) conversations as difficult and are hesitant to start them. A structured approach could help to overcome this. In the ACTION trial, a Phase III multi-center cluster-randomized clinical trial in six European countries (Belgium, Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Slovenia, United Kingdom), patients with advanced lung or colorectal cancer are invited to have one or two structured ACP conversations with a trained facilitator. It is unclear how trained facilitators experience conducting structured ACP conversations. This study aims to understand how facilitators experience delivering the ACTION Respecting Choices (RC) ACP conversation.
METHODS
A qualitative study involving focus groups with RC facilitators. Focus group interviews were recorded, transcribed, anonymized, translated into English, and thematically analysed, supported by NVivo 11. The international research team was involved in data analysis from initial coding and discussion towards final themes.
RESULTS
Seven focus groups were conducted, involving 28 of in total 39 trained facilitators, with different professional backgrounds from all participating countries. Alongside some cultural differences, six themes were identified. These reflect that most facilitators welcomed the opportunity to participate in the ACTION trial, seeing it as a means of learning new skills in an important area. The RC script was seen as supportive to ask questions, including those perceived as difficult to ask, but was also experienced as a barrier to a spontaneous conversation. Facilitators noticed that most patients were positive about their ACTION RC ACP conversation, which had prompted them to become aware of their wishes and to share these with others. The facilitators observed that it took patients substantial effort to have these conversations. In response, facilitators took responsibility for enabling patients to experience a conversation from which they could benefit. Facilitators emphasized the need for training, support and advanced communication skills to be able to work with the script.
CONCLUSIONS
Facilitators experienced benefits and challenges in conducting scripted ACP conversations. They mentioned the importance of being skilled and experienced in carrying out ACP conversations in order to be able to explore the patients' preferences while staying attuned to patients' needs.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number registry 63110516 ( ISRCTN63110516 ) per 10/3/2014.
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6170-7
PubMed: 31672145
PubMed Central: PMC6822448
Affiliations:
- Belgique, Danemark, Italie, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, Slovénie
- Angleterre, Hollande-Méridionale, Hovedstaden, Nottinghamshire, Province de Flandre-Orientale, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Région flamande, Utrecht (province)
- Bruxelles, Copenhague, Gand, Nottingham, Rotterdam, Utrecht
- Université de Gand, Université de Nottingham
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Koba- Eh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Golnik</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lunder, U" sort="Lunder, U" uniqKey="Lunder U" first="U" last="Lunder">U. Lunder</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Golnik</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miccinesi, G" sort="Miccinesi, G" uniqKey="Miccinesi G" first="G" last="Miccinesi">G. Miccinesi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Florence</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arnfeldt, C A M Ller" sort="Arnfeldt, C A M Ller" uniqKey="Arnfeldt C" first="C A M Ller" last="Arnfeldt">C A M Ller Arnfeldt</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Research Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Research Unit, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seymour, J" sort="Seymour, J" uniqKey="Seymour J" first="J" last="Seymour">J. Seymour</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Sheffield, Sheffield</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sheffield</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Toccafondi, A" sort="Toccafondi, A" uniqKey="Toccafondi A" first="A" last="Toccafondi">A. Toccafondi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Florence</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verkissen, M N" sort="Verkissen, M N" uniqKey="Verkissen M" first="M N" last="Verkissen">M N Verkissen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement><region nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Ghent University, Brussels</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement><region nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kars, M C" sort="Kars, M C" uniqKey="Kars M" first="M C" last="Kars">M C Kars</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:31672145</idno><idno type="pmid">31672145</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/s12885-019-6170-7</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC6822448</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000314</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000314</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000314</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000314</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000314</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Trained facilitators' experiences with structured advance care planning conversations in oncology: an international focus group study within the ACTION trial.</title><author><name sortKey="Zwakman, M" sort="Zwakman, M" uniqKey="Zwakman M" first="M" last="Zwakman">M. Zwakman</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. m.zwakman@umcutrecht.nl.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pollock, K" sort="Pollock, K" uniqKey="Pollock K" first="K" last="Pollock">K. Pollock</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Nottingham</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Nottingham</settlement><region type="nation">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Nottinghamshire</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bulli, F" sort="Bulli, F" uniqKey="Bulli F" first="F" last="Bulli">F. Bulli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Florence</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caswell, G" sort="Caswell, G" uniqKey="Caswell G" first="G" last="Caswell">G. Caswell</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Nottingham</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Nottingham</settlement><region type="nation">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Nottinghamshire</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey=" Erv, B" sort=" Erv, B" uniqKey=" Erv B" first="B" last=" Erv">B. Erv</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Golnik</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Delden, J J M" sort="Van Delden, J J M" uniqKey="Van Delden J" first="J J M" last="Van Delden">J J M. Van Delden</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deliens, L" sort="Deliens, L" uniqKey="Deliens L" first="L" last="Deliens">L. Deliens</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement><region nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Gand</settlement><region>Région flamande</region><region type="district" nuts="2">Province de Flandre-Orientale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Heide, A" sort="Van Der Heide, A" uniqKey="Van Der Heide A" first="A" last="Van Der Heide">A. Van Der Heide</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jabbarian, L J" sort="Jabbarian, L J" uniqKey="Jabbarian L" first="L J" last="Jabbarian">L J Jabbarian</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koba Eh, H" sort="Koba Eh, H" uniqKey="Koba Eh H" first="H" last="Koba- Eh">H. Koba- Eh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Golnik</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lunder, U" sort="Lunder, U" uniqKey="Lunder U" first="U" last="Lunder">U. Lunder</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Golnik</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miccinesi, G" sort="Miccinesi, G" uniqKey="Miccinesi G" first="G" last="Miccinesi">G. Miccinesi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Florence</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arnfeldt, C A M Ller" sort="Arnfeldt, C A M Ller" uniqKey="Arnfeldt C" first="C A M Ller" last="Arnfeldt">C A M Ller Arnfeldt</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Research Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Research Unit, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seymour, J" sort="Seymour, J" uniqKey="Seymour J" first="J" last="Seymour">J. Seymour</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Sheffield, Sheffield</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sheffield</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Toccafondi, A" sort="Toccafondi, A" uniqKey="Toccafondi A" first="A" last="Toccafondi">A. Toccafondi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Florence</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verkissen, M N" sort="Verkissen, M N" uniqKey="Verkissen M" first="M N" last="Verkissen">M N Verkissen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement><region nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Ghent University, Brussels</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement><region nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Gand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kars, M C" sort="Kars, M C" uniqKey="Kars M" first="M C" last="Kars">M C Kars</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC cancer</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2407</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptation, Psychological (MeSH)</term><term>Advance Care Planning (MeSH)</term><term>Colorectal Neoplasms (psychology)</term><term>Communication (MeSH)</term><term>Emotions (MeSH)</term><term>Europe (MeSH)</term><term>Focus Groups (methods)</term><term>Health Personnel (education)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Lung Neoplasms (psychology)</term><term>Medical Oncology (methods)</term><term>Professional-Patient Relations (MeSH)</term><term>Self Concept (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adaptation psychologique (MeSH)</term><term>Communication (MeSH)</term><term>Concept du soi (MeSH)</term><term>Europe (MeSH)</term><term>Groupes de discussion (méthodes)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Oncologie médicale (méthodes)</term><term>Personnel de santé (enseignement et éducation)</term><term>Planification anticipée des soins (MeSH)</term><term>Relations entre professionnels de santé et patients (MeSH)</term><term>Tumeurs colorectales (psychologie)</term><term>Tumeurs du poumon (psychologie)</term><term>Émotions (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Europe</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="education" xml:lang="en"><term>Health Personnel</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enseignement et éducation" xml:lang="fr"><term>Personnel de santé</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Focus Groups</term><term>Medical Oncology</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="méthodes" xml:lang="fr"><term>Groupes de discussion</term><term>Oncologie médicale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Tumeurs colorectales</term><term>Tumeurs du poumon</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychology" xml:lang="en"><term>Colorectal Neoplasms</term><term>Lung Neoplasms</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptation, Psychological</term><term>Advance Care Planning</term><term>Communication</term><term>Emotions</term><term>Humans</term><term>Professional-Patient Relations</term><term>Self Concept</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adaptation psychologique</term><term>Communication</term><term>Concept du soi</term><term>Europe</term><term>Humains</term><term>Planification anticipée des soins</term><term>Relations entre professionnels de santé et patients</term><term>Émotions</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>In oncology, Health Care Professionals often experience conducting Advance Care Planning (ACP) conversations as difficult and are hesitant to start them. A structured approach could help to overcome this. In the ACTION trial, a Phase III multi-center cluster-randomized clinical trial in six European countries (Belgium, Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Slovenia, United Kingdom), patients with advanced lung or colorectal cancer are invited to have one or two structured ACP conversations with a trained facilitator. It is unclear how trained facilitators experience conducting structured ACP conversations. This study aims to understand how facilitators experience delivering the ACTION Respecting Choices (RC) ACP conversation.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>A qualitative study involving focus groups with RC facilitators. Focus group interviews were recorded, transcribed, anonymized, translated into English, and thematically analysed, supported by NVivo 11. The international research team was involved in data analysis from initial coding and discussion towards final themes.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>Seven focus groups were conducted, involving 28 of in total 39 trained facilitators, with different professional backgrounds from all participating countries. Alongside some cultural differences, six themes were identified. These reflect that most facilitators welcomed the opportunity to participate in the ACTION trial, seeing it as a means of learning new skills in an important area. The RC script was seen as supportive to ask questions, including those perceived as difficult to ask, but was also experienced as a barrier to a spontaneous conversation. Facilitators noticed that most patients were positive about their ACTION RC ACP conversation, which had prompted them to become aware of their wishes and to share these with others. The facilitators observed that it took patients substantial effort to have these conversations. In response, facilitators took responsibility for enabling patients to experience a conversation from which they could benefit. Facilitators emphasized the need for training, support and advanced communication skills to be able to work with the script.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>Facilitators experienced benefits and challenges in conducting scripted ACP conversations. They mentioned the importance of being skilled and experienced in carrying out ACP conversations in order to be able to explore the patients' preferences while staying attuned to patients' needs.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>TRIAL REGISTRATION</b></p><p>International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number registry 63110516 ( ISRCTN63110516 ) per 10/3/2014.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">31672145</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>06</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>08</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1471-2407</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>19</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year><Month>Oct</Month><Day>31</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMC cancer</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMC Cancer</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Trained facilitators' experiences with structured advance care planning conversations in oncology: an international focus group study within the ACTION trial.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1026</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s12885-019-6170-7</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">In oncology, Health Care Professionals often experience conducting Advance Care Planning (ACP) conversations as difficult and are hesitant to start them. A structured approach could help to overcome this. In the ACTION trial, a Phase III multi-center cluster-randomized clinical trial in six European countries (Belgium, Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Slovenia, United Kingdom), patients with advanced lung or colorectal cancer are invited to have one or two structured ACP conversations with a trained facilitator. It is unclear how trained facilitators experience conducting structured ACP conversations. This study aims to understand how facilitators experience delivering the ACTION Respecting Choices (RC) ACP conversation.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A qualitative study involving focus groups with RC facilitators. Focus group interviews were recorded, transcribed, anonymized, translated into English, and thematically analysed, supported by NVivo 11. The international research team was involved in data analysis from initial coding and discussion towards final themes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Seven focus groups were conducted, involving 28 of in total 39 trained facilitators, with different professional backgrounds from all participating countries. Alongside some cultural differences, six themes were identified. These reflect that most facilitators welcomed the opportunity to participate in the ACTION trial, seeing it as a means of learning new skills in an important area. The RC script was seen as supportive to ask questions, including those perceived as difficult to ask, but was also experienced as a barrier to a spontaneous conversation. Facilitators noticed that most patients were positive about their ACTION RC ACP conversation, which had prompted them to become aware of their wishes and to share these with others. The facilitators observed that it took patients substantial effort to have these conversations. In response, facilitators took responsibility for enabling patients to experience a conversation from which they could benefit. Facilitators emphasized the need for training, support and advanced communication skills to be able to work with the script.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Facilitators experienced benefits and challenges in conducting scripted ACP conversations. They mentioned the importance of being skilled and experienced in carrying out ACP conversations in order to be able to explore the patients' preferences while staying attuned to patients' needs.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="TRIAL REGISTRATION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number registry 63110516 ( ISRCTN63110516 ) per 10/3/2014.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zwakman</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. m.zwakman@umcutrecht.nl.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pollock</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bulli</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Caswell</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Červ</LastName><ForeName>B</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van Delden</LastName><ForeName>J J M</ForeName><Initials>JJM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Deliens</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van der Heide</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jabbarian</LastName><ForeName>L J</ForeName><Initials>LJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Koba-Čeh</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lunder</LastName><ForeName>U</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Miccinesi</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Arnfeldt</LastName><ForeName>C A Møller</ForeName><Initials>CAM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Research Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seymour</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Toccafondi</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Oncological network, research and prevention Institute - ISPRO, Florence, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Verkissen</LastName><ForeName>M N</ForeName><Initials>MN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>End-of-life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ghent University, Brussels, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kars</LastName><ForeName>M C</ForeName><Initials>MC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>ACTION consortium</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>602541-2</GrantID><Agency>7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development</Agency><Country></Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D017428">Clinical Trial, Phase III</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016448">Multicenter Study</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016449">Randomized Controlled Trial</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>31</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMC Cancer</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100967800</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1471-2407</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000223" MajorTopicYN="N">Adaptation, Psychological</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032722" MajorTopicYN="Y">Advance Care Planning</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015179" MajorTopicYN="N">Colorectal Neoplasms</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003142" MajorTopicYN="N">Communication</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004644" MajorTopicYN="N">Emotions</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005060" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Europe</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017144" MajorTopicYN="N">Focus Groups</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006282" MajorTopicYN="N">Health Personnel</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000193" MajorTopicYN="Y">education</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008175" MajorTopicYN="N">Lung Neoplasms</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008495" MajorTopicYN="N">Medical Oncology</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011369" MajorTopicYN="Y">Professional-Patient Relations</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012649" MajorTopicYN="N">Self Concept</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Advance care planning</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cancer</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Experiences</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Facilitator</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Respecting choices</Keyword></KeywordList><InvestigatorList><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van der Heide</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Korfage</LastName><ForeName>I J</ForeName><Initials>IJ</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rietjens</LastName><ForeName>J A C</ForeName><Initials>JAC</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jabbarian</LastName><ForeName>L J</ForeName><Initials>LJ</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Polinder</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Billekens</LastName><ForeName>P F A</ForeName><Initials>PFA</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van Delden</LastName><ForeName>J J M</ForeName><Initials>JJM</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kars</LastName><ForeName>M C</ForeName><Initials>MC</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zwakman</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Deliens</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Verkissen</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Eecloo</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Faes</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pollock</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seymour</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Caswell</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wilcock</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bramley</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Payne</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Preston</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dunleavy</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sowerby</LastName><ForeName>E</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Miccinesi</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bulli</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ingravallo</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carreras</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Toccafondi</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gorini</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lunder</LastName><ForeName>U</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Červ</LastName><ForeName>B</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Simonič</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mimić</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Čeh</LastName><ForeName>H Kodba</ForeName><Initials>HK</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ozbič</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Groenvold</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Arnfeldt</LastName><ForeName>C Møller</ForeName><Initials>CM</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johnsen</LastName><ForeName>A Thit</ForeName><Initials>AT</Initials></Investigator></InvestigatorList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>30</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>20</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>9</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31672145</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1186/s12885-019-6170-7</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">10.1186/s12885-019-6170-7</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC6822448</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Perspect Public Health. 2019 Mar;139(2):97-105</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId 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